Stuff You Should Know – Making Your Life Easier – Things They Won’t Tell You

Secrets the Emergency Room Staff Won’t Tell You
1. We do it because we care.
We’re the only doctors who will take care of you first and ask questions about payment later, so we end up giving one third of our care for free-and lose about $100,000 of income a year. Yet we still do it. This is the best specialty in the world.”

2. Say “Thank You.”
In the ER, nurses provide most of the hands-on care. So be nice.

3. An ambulance isn’t a fancy taxi.
When we arrive, don’t expect us to say hello. We’re focused on the patient. Once he’s stable, then we’ll introduce ourselves.

4. Arriving by ambulance doesn’t mean you’ll get a red-carpet escort into the ER.
You’ll get triaged like everyone else, and if you’re not that sick or injured, you’re going to wait.

5. Yes, we know you’re waiting…and waiting.
Waiting is good. It means you’re not going to die. The person you need to feel sorry for is the one who gets rushed into the ER and treated first.

6. We need you to cooperate.
When we say, “Put on this gown,” we mean you should take off the clothes underneath so we can see the area that we need to examine. I once had a woman put the gown on over her clothes and her coat.

7. If we tell you to stay in bed, we mean it.
‘If we tell you to stay in bed, we mean it. Some medications make you uncoordinated, and we hate it when people fall down.”

8. We don’t believe you.
One of our favorite lines is “You can’t fix stupidity.” If you complain of nausea and then eat a bag of chips, that’s what we’re thinking.

9. We play favorites.
It makes me crazy when visitors wander around talking on their cell phones. You’re being annoying.

10. We can only do so much.
Not all ERs are equally equipped to deal with children. Check with your pediatrician to see which ER he or she recommends.

11. We’re pretty used to people trying to intimidate us.
Standing in the doorway and staring at us while we work won’t help your loved one get treated more quickly.

12. Speak up, please.
An ER in a rural area might not have a doctor who is certified in emergency medicine, and the likelihood of having specialists on staff is very low. If you wind up in one, ask to transfer to a hospital that has more resources.

13. We don’t want you to have to come back.
If you don’t understand what you’re supposed to do when you leave the ER, ask—and ask again if necessary.

14. The 411 on 911.
It’s incredible how many people having a heart attack drive themselves to the emergency room instead of calling 911. That’s just dumb. What are you going to do if you’re driving and your heart stops?

15. Don’t call from your cell phone.
Calling from a landline can save your life because we can pinpoint your location instantly. If you call from a cell phone, we waste a lot of time asking where you are or searching for you.
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13 Things a Movie Theater Employee Won’t Tell You
1. Why does it smell so good? The popcorn has chemicals in it to make its aroma fill the theater.
2. “Extreme Digital” is actually lower quality than IMAX digital. We use it because it’s easier to maintain.
3. For the first month or two of screening, money from ticket sales goes to movie studios. Theaters rely on concession stands to make money. That’s why concessions are overpriced. Popcorn costs almost nothing to make.
4. I know all the methods you use to sneak in. I just don’t always care enough to kick you out for it.
5. The only foods I trust are the popcorn, drinks, and boxed candy. I wouldn’t eat the pretzels, hot dogs, or nachos.
6. Chances are, if you complain to the manager and he sides with you, he’s just putting on a show to calm you down. The manager might pretend to yell at me for a minute, but he’ll pat me on the back the moment you’re out of sight.
7. Combination deals don’t save you money at some theaters. You’d pay the same price if you purchased the items separately.
8. Think you’re saving calories by ordering a small popcorn? That “small” popcorn could have been a medium last month.
9. Stop getting angry that your food isn’t ready. Microwaves can’t cook frozen pizzas in 30 seconds!
10. No, I can’t give you extra cups. Everything is inventoried at the end of the night.
11. Your suspicions are correct. Sometimes I sweep excess food under the seats. Movies often end every few minutes. Sometimes, three or more screenings end at the same time. I don’t always have time to clean everything up.
12 Yes, movies start late. But they almost always end on time – otherwise, the ushers wouldn’t know when to clean up. Theaters tell you to come in early so you have time to watch commercials and previews.
13. Popcorn keeps for a day or two. Many customers confuse warm with fresh.
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Things an IRS Agent Won’t Tell You About Tax Planning
1. You may be eligible for free tax software
If you earn less than $57,000 annually, many major tax program companies will provide services for free. Even if you don’t qualify for the program you want, everyone is eligible to use the IRS’ online forms, which cuts down on paperwork, if not costs.

2. Rewards may be taxable
Did you get any rewards this year? You may have gotten them and not be aware that they might be counted as income and therefore could be taxed. An obvious example: When Oprah Winfrey gave her entire studio audience cars back in 2004, the lucky individuals had to pay taxes of up to $7,000 since the value of the vehicles was counted as income. The same principle applies to rewards you may have gotten, say, from your credit card companies—frequent flier miles, for example—though you’re in the clear with bonuses that are specifically tied to purchases. It’s good to keep track of these over the year to avoid surprises.

3. Follow three easy steps for a quick refund
The classic tip given by experts is to file as early as possible for a fast refund, but it also helps to use direct deposit rather than snail mail. You can speed up the process even more by filing online: According to Money Crashers, e-filing companies report getting refunds back to customers in less than two weeks.

4. That said, refunds aren’t as exciting as they seem
When you receive a check from the government, you’re getting money back that was yours to begin with—which has effectively been given as an interest-free loan to the government. Some argue that it’s better to receive more money month-to-month than one lump sum via your refund.

5. File even if you can’t pay
While both failure-to-file and failure-to-pay penalties exist, the first is generally worse than the second.
Don’t panic if you can’t pay what you owe to the IRS. You’ll have to fill out some forms and provide documentation, but you can compromise with the IRS on a lower amount if you meet certain

6. Filing late can hurt your credit score – eventually
The act of filing late in itself won’t hurt your credit rating, but it could lead to penalties that will ratchet up what you owe to the government. If you don’t pay that debt, the IRS may file a federal tax lien—a public, legal claim against your property that can impact your ability to get credit.

7. Itemization can mean a bigger return
This requires some work on your part, but it might be worth it. You can go with the standard deduction on your tax form, but if you’ve kept good records throughout the year on things like non-reimbursed job-related expenses and donations, you may be entitled to a larger return, says U.S. News. It all depends on if your itemized deductions are larger than the standard deduction.

You’ll want to be careful when itemizing, however, as too many deductions may increase your chances of being audited. For example, the IRS might take a closer look if you made charitable donations that seem disproportionate to your income. Don’t make the IRS wonder how you covered your basic needs because of how generous you were!

8. You may not be able to avoid an audit, but you can try
According to Money Talks News, the government audits thousands of people at random every year. Still, you can cut down on your chances by diligently filling out your forms and generally being careful – even something as simple as forgetting to sign your return can make it stick out. Don’t use round numbers, as the IRS may assume you’re guessing on expenditures, and attach a type-written note to explain anything that could raise a red flag, like large deductions.

9. Even part-time self-employment counts
Your weekend side projects might count as self-employment, which means you’ll have to make quarterly payments in addition to filing your annual return. Always double-check your responsibilities before filing. Don’t forget that you can write off expenses related to a home office, though.

10. Get a receipt for charitable donations
If you’re giving $250 or more to a charity you love, make sure you get a written statement indicating the amount you contributed. The receipt must also describe any goods or services the charity gave you in exchange for the gift, along with an estimate of how much those goods are worth.

11. Green home improvements can earn you tax credits
If you’re a homeowner who’s dedicated to energy efficiency, you can earn a tax credit of 30 percent on select projects—solar water heaters, for example.

12. You can recoup childcare costs
If you need to send your child to daycare or summer camp so that you can work or look for a job, the government will credit up to 35 percent of your costs.

13. There’s an app for that
Maybe you’ve already filed your taxes and want to know where your refund is, or maybe you’re completely stuck at square one: No matter the case, the IRS has you covered with a smartphone app. IRS2Go offers the ability to check your refund status, watch helpful videos, get your tax record, view the latest news, and more.
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Things Your Child’s Teacher Won’t Tell You
1. If we teach small children,
Don’t tell us that our jobs are “so cute” and that you wish you could glue and color all day long.

2. I’m not a marriage counselor.
At parent-teacher conferences, let’s stick to your child’s progress, not how your husband doesn’t help you around the house.

3. We’re sick of standardized testing
And having to “teach to the test.”

4. Kids used to go out and play after school
and resolve problems on their own. Now, with computers and TV, they lack the skills to communicate. They don’t know how to get past hurt feelings without telling the teacher and having her fix it.

5. When I hear a loud belch,
I remember that a student’s manners are a reflection of his parents’.

6. Your child may be the center of your universe,
But I have to share mine with 25 others.

7. Please help us by turning off the texting
Feature on your child’s phone during school hours.

8. Guys who dribble a ball
Or a couple of hours a game can make up to $20 million a year. We educate future leaders and make about $51,000 a year.

9. We take on the role of mother,
Father, psychologist, friend, and adviser every day. Plus, we’re watching for learning disabilities, issues at home, peer pressure, drug abuse, and bullying.

10. Kids dish on your secrets all the time-
Money, religion, politics, even Dad’s vasectomy.

11. Please, no more mugs, frames, or stuffed animals.
A gift card to Starbucks or Staples would be more than enough. A thank-you note: even better.

12. We love snow days
And three-day weekends as much as your kid does.

13. The students we remember are happy,
Respectful, and good-hearted, not necessarily the ones with the highest grades.

14. My rule for hormonal middle-schoolers:
Keep your hands where I can see them.

15. My first year of teaching, a fifth-grader actually threw a chair at me.
I saw him recently, and he told me he just graduated from college. That’s what makes it all worthwhile.

16. You do your job, I’ll do mine.
I have parents who are CEOs of their own companies come in and tell me how to run my classroom. I would never think to go to their office and tell them how to do their jobs.

17. We don’t arrive at school 10 minutes before your child does.
And we don’t leave the minute they get back on the bus. Many of us put in extra hours before and after school.

18. We are not the enemy.
Parents and teachers really are on the same side.

19. The truth is simple:
Your kid will lie to get out of trouble.

20. Encourage your child to keep reading.
That’s key to success in the classroom at any age.

21. It’s their homework, not yours.
We can tell the difference between a parent helping their child with homework and doing it for them (especially when they’re clueless in class the next day).

22. Teaching is a calling.
There’s not a teacher alive who will say she went into this for the money.

23. Check their homework.
Just because your child says he did his homework doesn’t mean it’s true. You must check. Every night.

24. We get jaded too.
Teaching is not as joyful as it once was for many of us. Disrespectful students and belligerent parents take a toll on us.

25. Talk to your kids.
Parents give their kids the pricey gadgets and labels, but what kids really crave is for you to talk to them. Kids want to know you are interested in their lives.

26. We spend money out of our own pockets.
Teachers often buy things our students need, such as school supplies and even shoes.

27. Supportive, involved parents are crucial.
But some are “helicopter parents”—they hover too much.

28. Having the summer off is great, but…
Many of us have to take on extra jobs—teaching summer school, tutoring—to make ends meet.

29. Academics aren’t everything.
Success is not achieved by just making kids memorize flash cards and prepping them for an Ivy League school. Sensible parents know there is a college for every kid and responsibility and good citizenship are what really drive success.

30. Nobody says “the dog ate my homework” anymore.
But we hear a lot of “I left it on the kitchen table.” And then Mom will send in a note to back up the story.

31. Don’t ask us to do your dirty work.
We wish parents would make their kids own up to their actions instead of pressuring us to bend the rules.

32. We know you mean well, but…
Please stop doing everything for your child and allow them to make mistakes. How else will they learn? Kids are not motivated to succeed because they feel their parents will bail them out every time.

33. There are days when I just want to quit.
But then that one smile from that one kid changes it all.
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Things Your Bartender Won’t Tell You
1. Yell, whistle, or wave money and I’m going to make you wait. Make eye contact and smile, and I’ll come over as soon as I can. Know what you want and have your money ready. Don’t create a traffic jam.

2. Start a tab. If I swipe your card five times this evening, that’s five times as much paperwork I have to do at 4 a.m.

3. You want a drink made ‘strong?’ Then order a double-for double the price.

4. Liquor sales in bars and restaurants were down 2.2 percent last year. Even beer sales are slow. But people scrimp on food first, drinks second.

5. A lot of bars have comp tabs, which allows me to give away drinks. It’s smart business and helps build a base of regulars.

6. Bars that don’t have regulars (in hotels, airports) have started using wireless gadgets that measure how much is poured and automatically ring up each shot. They’re meant to prevent overpouring and to cut losses, but I don’t like them-neither do customers.

7. If your tipping guideline is still ‘a buck a drink,’ listen closely: That doesn’t fly if you order a $12 cocktail. Tip at least 15 percent.

8. At some bars, the sliced fruit garnishes sit out until they’re gone, sometimes for days. Munch accordingly.

9. The smoothest guys compliment a woman, then walk away-it’s very nonthreatening.

10. I have the police on speed dial, and I never hesitate to call.

11. Don’t order a round of drinks after last call. Last call applies to everyone-even you.

12. Some of us get a cut from the cab company when we call a taxi for a tipsy patron. Not that I’ve ever done that, of course.

13. Last week, a couple had a little too much and got into a dumb argument, then asked me to choose the ‘winner’ of the fight. There isn’t a tip big enough to get me involved in that situation!

14. If I cut you off, don’t argue. If anything, you should apologize if you’ve made a scene

15.Get a room. The more you make out with your date, the closer you are to being cut off.

16. I’ve heard it all. One guy told me I had the worst smile he‘d ever seen. I found out that he thinks a girl won‘t remember him unless he puts her down. I guess it worked; I‘m telling you this story three weeks later.

17. Think tending bar isn’t a real career? You’re wrong. The craft of bartending is coming back, and some of us are even called “mixologists” now.

18. I love sharing what I know. If it’s not busy, ask me about the history of drink or the latest cocktail I’ve invented. You’ll learn something new.

19. I like a sophisticated palate. You’ll win points with me if you request gin in your martini.

20. My knees hurt. Bar mats prevent slipping, but I really like them for the cushioning. I use sole inserts in my shoes, too.

21. I can tell if your date is going well or not. And I notice if you bring in a new date every week.

22. Everyone should bartend a few nights in his life. You learn so much about people.

23. I’m not a piece of meat. If you’re going to hit on me all night, at least leave a big tip.

24. It happens every time. The songs you line up on the jukebox will play right as you’re leaving.

25. I do more than mix drinks. I love being your psychiatrist-matchmaker-entertainer-friend. Otherwise, I wouldn’t tend bar.

26. Please, take a cab.
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9 Ways Marketing Weasels Will Try To Manipulate You
It’s a fascinating examination of why human beings are wired and conditioned to react irrationally. We human beings are a selfish bunch, so it’s all the more surprising to see how easily we can be manipulated to behave in ways that run counter to our own self-interest.

This isn’t just a “gee-whiz” observation; understanding how and why we behave irrationally is important. If you don’t understand how these irrational behaviors are triggered, the marketing weasels will use them against you.

In fact, it’s already happening. Witness 10 Irrational Human Behaviors and How to Leverage Them to Improve Web Marketing. Don’t say I didn’t warn you.

Let’s take a look at the various excerpts presented in that article, and consider how we can avoid falling into the rut of predictably irrational behavior – and defend ourselves from those vicious marketing weasels.

1. Encourage False Comparisons
When Williams-Sonoma introduced bread machines, sales were slow. When they added a “deluxe” version that was 50% more expensive, they started flying off the shelves; the first bread machine now appeared to be a bargain

When contemplating the purchase of a $25 pen, the majority of subjects would drive to another store 15 minutes away to save $7. When contemplating the purchase of a $455 suit, the majority of subjects would not drive to another store 15 minutes away to save $7. The amount saved and time involved are the same, but people make very different choices. Watch out for relative thinking; it comes naturally to all of us.

• Realize that some premium options exist as decoys – that is, they are there only to make the less expensive options look more appealing, because they’re easy to compare. Don’t make binding decisions solely based on how easy it is to compare two side-by-side options from the same vendor. Try comparing all the alternatives, even those from other vendors.
• Don’t be swayed by relative percentages for small dollar amounts. Yes, you saved 25%, but how much effort and time did you expend on that seven bucks?

2. Reinforce Anchoring
Savador Assael, the Pearl King, single-handedly created the market for black pearls, which were unknown in the industry before 1973. His first attempt to market the pearls was an utter failure; he didn’t sell a single pearl. So he went to his friend, Harry Winston, and had Winston put them in the window of his 5th Avenue store with an outrageous price tag attached. Then he ran full page ads in glossy magazines with black pearls next to diamonds, rubies, and emeralds. Soon, black pearls were considered precious.

Simonsohn and Loewenstein found that people who move to a new city remain anchored to the prices they paid in their previous city. People who move from Lubbock to Pittsburgh squeeze their families into smaller houses to pay the same amount. People who move from LA to Pittsburgh don’t save money, they just move into mansions.

• Scale your purchases to your needs, not your circumstances or wallet size. What do you actually use? How much do you use it, and how frequently?
• Try to objectively measure the value of what you’re buying; don’t be tricked into measuring relative to similar products or competitors. How much does buying this save you or your company? How much benefit will you get out of it? Attempt to measure that benefit by putting a concrete dollar amount on it.

3. It’s “Free”!
Ariely, Shampanier, and Mazar conducted an experiment using Lindt truffles and Hershey’s Kisses. When a truffle was $0.15 and a kiss was $0.01, 73% of subjects chose the truffle and 27% the Kiss. But when a truffle was $0.14 and a kiss was free, 69% chose the kiss and 31% the truffle.

According to standard economic theory, the price reduction shouldn’t have lead to any behavior change, but it did.

Ariely’s theory is that for normal transactions, we consider both upside and downside. But when something is free, we forget about the downside. “Free” makes us perceive what is being offered as immensely more valuable than it really is. Humans are loss-averse; when considering a normal purchase, loss-aversion comes into play. But when an item is free, there is no visible possibility of loss.

• You will tend to overestimate the value of items you get for free. Resist this by viewing free stuff skeptically rather than welcoming it with open arms. If it was really that great, why would it be free?
• Free stuff often comes with well hidden and subtle strings attached. How will using a free service or obtaining a free item influence your future choices? What paid alternatives are you avoiding by choosing the free route, and why?
• How much effort will the free option cost you? Are there non-free options which would cost less in time or effort? How much is your time worth?
• When you use a free service or product, you are implicitly endorsing and encouraging the provider, effectively beating a path to their door. Is this something you are comfortable with?

4. Exploit Social Norms
The AARP asked lawyers to participate in a program where they would offer their services to needy employees for a discounted price of $30/hour. No dice. When the program manager instead asked if they’d offer their services for free, the lawyers overwhelmingly said they would participate.

• Companies may appeal to your innate sense of community or public good to convince you to do their work at zero pay. Consider carefully before choosing to participate; what do you get out of contributing your time and effort? Is this truly a worthy cause? Would this be worth doing if it was a paid gig?
• When it comes to the web, make sure you aren’t being turned into a digital sharecropper.

5. Design for Procrastination
Ariely conducted an experiment on his class. Students were required to write three papers. Ariely asked the first group to commit to dates by which they would turn in each paper. Late papers would be penalized 1% per day. There was no penalty for turning papers in early. The logical response is to commit to turning all three papers in on the last day of class. The second group was given no deadlines; all three papers were due in the last day of class. The third group was directed to turn their papers in on the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks.

The results? Group 3 (imposed deadlines) got the best grades. Group 2 (no deadlines) got the worst grades, and Group 1 (self-selected deadlines) finished in the middle. Allowing students to pre-commit to deadlines improved performance. Students who spaced out their commitments did well; students who did the logical thing and gave no commitments did badly.

• Steer clear of offers of low-rate trial periods which auto-convert into automatic recurring monthly billing. They know that most people will procrastinate and forget to cancel before the recurring billing kicks in.
• Either favor fixed-rate, fixed-term plans – or become meticulous about cancelling recurring services when you’re not using them.

6. Utilize the Endowment Effect
Ariely and Carmon conducted an experiment on Duke students, who sleep out for weeks to get basketball tickets; even those who sleep out are still subjected to a lottery at the end. Some students get tickets, some don’t. The students who didn’t get tickets told Ariely that they’d be willing to pay up to $170 for tickets. The students who did get the tickets told Ariely that they wouldn’t accept less than $2,400 for their tickets.

There are three fundamental quirks of human nature. We fall in love with what we already have. We focus on what we might lose, rather than what we might gain. We assume that other people will see the transaction from the same perspective as we do.

• The value of what you’ve spent so far on a service, product, or relationship – in effort or money – is probably far less than you think. Be willing to walk away.
• Once you’ve bought something, never rely on your internal judgment to assess its value, because you’re too close to it now. Ask other people what they’d pay for this service, product, or relationship. Objectively research what others pay online.

7. Capitalize On Our Aversion To Loss
Ariely and Shin conducted an experiment on MIT students. They devised a computer game which offered players three doors: Red, Blue, and Green. You started with 100 clicks. You clicked to enter a room. Once in a room, each click netted you between 1-10 cents. You could also switch rooms (at the cost of a click). The rooms were programmed to provide different levels of rewards (there was variation within each room’s payoffs, but it was pretty easy to tell which one provided the best payout).

Players tended to try all three rooms, figure out which one had the highest payout, and then spend all their time there. (These are MIT students we’re talking about). Then, however, Ariely introduced a new wrinkle: Any door left unvisited for 12 clicks would disappear forever. With each click, the unclicked doors shrank by 1/12th.

Now, players jumped from door to door, trying to keep their options open.They made 15% less money; in fact, by choosing any of the doors and sticking with it, they could have made more money.

Ariely increased the cost of opening a door to 3 cents; no change–players still seemed compelled to keeping their options open. Ariely told participants the exact monetary payoff of each door; no change. Ariely allowed participants as many practice runs as they wanted before the actual experiment; no change. Ariely changed the rules so that any door could be “reincarnated” with a single click; no change.

Players just couldn’t tolerate the idea of the loss, and so they did whatever was necessary to prevent their doors from closing, even though disappearance had no real consequences and could be easily reversed. We feel compelled to preserve options, even at great expense, even when it doesn’t make sense.

• If your choices are artificially narrowed, don’t passively get funneled towards the goal they’re herding you toward. Demand choice, even if it means switching vendors or allegiances.
• Don’t pay extra for options, unless you can point to hard evidence that you need those options. Some options exist just to make you doubt yourself, so you’ll worry about not having them.

8. Engender Unreasonable Expectations
Ariely, Lee, and Frederick conducted yet another experiment on MIT students. They let students taste two different beers, and then choose to get a free pint of one of the brews. Brew A was Budweiser. Brew B was Budweiser, plus 2 drops of balsamic vinegar per ounce.

When students were not told about the nature of the beers, they overwhelmingly chose the balsamic beer. When students were told about the true nature of the beers, they overwhelmingly chose the Budweiser. If you tell people up front that something might be distasteful, the odds are good they’ll end up agreeing with you–because of their expectations.

• Whatever you’ve heard about a brand, company, or product – there’s no substitute for your own hands-on experience. Let your own opinions guide you, not the opinions of others.
• Just because something is labelled “premium” or “pro” or “award-winning” doesn’t mean it is. Research these claims; don’t let marketing set your expectations. Rely on evidence and facts.

9. Leverage Pricing Bias
Ariely, Waber, Shiv, and Carmon made up a fake painkiller, Veladone-Rx. An attractive woman in a business suit (with a faint Russian accent) told subjects that 92% of patients receiving VR reported significant pain relief in 10 minutes, with relief lasting up to 8 hours.

When told that the drug cost $2.50 per dose, nearly all of the subjects reported pain relief. When told that the drug cost $0.10 per dose, only half of the subjects reported pain relief. The more pain a person experienced, the more pronounced the effect. A similar study at U Iowa showed that students who paid list price for cold medications reported better medical outcomes than those who bought discount (but clinically identical) drugs.

• Price often has nothing to do with value. Expensive is not synonymous with quality. Investigate whether the price is justified; never accept it at face value.
• Don’t fall prey to the “moneymoon”; just because you paid for something doesn’t mean it’s automatically worthwhile. Not everything we pay money for works well, or was even worth what we spent for it. We all make mistakes when buying things, but we don’t want to admit it.

What I learned from Predictably Irrational is that everyone is irrational sometimes, and that’s OK. We’re not perfectly logical Vulcans, after all. The trick is training yourself to know when you’re most likely to make irrational choices, and to resist those impulses.

If you aren’t at least aware of our sad, irrational human condition, well … that’s exactly where the marketing weasels want you.
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